#The 20 Grammar Errors That Cost You Band 7
Grammar accounts for 25% of your IELTS Writing score. The band descriptors at Band 7 state: "produces frequent error-free sentences" and "has good control of grammar and punctuation but may make a few errors." The key word is "few." If you are making the same basic errors repeatedly, you will be capped at Band 6 or 6.5 regardless of your vocabulary or ideas.
Here are the 20 most common errors I see, organised by type, with corrections and explanations.
#Subject-Verb Agreement (5 Errors)
#Error 1: Collective nouns
✗ "The number of students have increased significantly."
✓ "The number of students has increased significantly."
Explanation: "The number of" is singular. However, "A number of students have…" is correct because "a number of" means "many."
#Error 2: Uncountable nouns
✗ "The information are available online."
✓ "The information is available online."
Explanation: "Information," "research," "evidence," "knowledge," and "advice" are uncountable, always singular.
#Error 3: Separated subject and verb
✗ "The quality of public services in rural areas have declined."
✓ "The quality of public services in rural areas has declined."
Explanation: The subject is "quality" (singular), not "services" or "areas." Ignore the prepositional phrases between subject and verb.
#Error 4: "Each" and "every"
✗ "Every students need to study hard."
✓ "Every student needs to study hard."
Explanation: "Each" and "every" are always followed by a singular noun and singular verb.
#Error 5: "People" as plural
✗ "People is becoming more aware of environmental issues."
✓ "People are becoming more aware of environmental issues."
Explanation: "People" is always plural (it is the plural of "person").
#Article Usage (5 Errors)
#Error 6: Generalisation with "the"
✗ "The education is important for the society."
✓ "Education is important for society."
Explanation: When speaking about a concept in general, do not use "the." Use "the" only when referring to something specific: "The education system in Japan…"
#Error 7: First mention vs second mention
✗ "Government should build the new hospital in this area."
✓ "The government should build a new hospital in this area."
Explanation: Use "a" for first mention of something not yet identified. Use "the" when both writer and reader know which specific thing is meant.
#Error 8: Countries and places
✗ "I lived in the Japan for three years."
✓ "I lived in Japan for three years."
Explanation: Most country names have no article. Exceptions: the UK, the USA, the Netherlands, the Philippines (plural or "kingdom/states" in the name).
#Error 9: Omitting articles with singular countable nouns
✗ "This is important issue that governments must address."
✓ "This is an important issue that governments must address."
Explanation: Singular countable nouns MUST have an article (a/an/the) or determiner (this/that/my). You cannot leave them bare.
#Error 10: "The" with superlatives
✗ "This is most important factor in education."
✓ "This is the most important factor in education."
Explanation: Superlatives always take "the", the biggest, the most significant, the least important.
#Tense Consistency (5 Errors)
#Error 11: Mixing past and present in trends
✗ "The graph shows that sales increased in 2020 and are continuing to rise."
✓ "The graph shows that sales increased in 2020 and continued to rise." (OR use present throughout if describing a current trend)
Explanation: Choose one time frame and stay consistent within the same sentence. Shift tenses between sentences if the time reference changes.
#Error 12: Present perfect vs past simple
✗ "Technology changed significantly in the last decade."
✓ "Technology has changed significantly in the last decade."
Explanation: "In the last decade" connects the past to now, use present perfect. "In the 1990s" is finished, use past simple.
#Error 13: Conditional structures
✗ "If the government will invest more, education will improve."
✓ "If the government invests more, education will improve."
Explanation: In first conditional (real/possible future), the "if" clause uses present simple, not "will."
#Error 14: Narrating habits with wrong tense
✗ "When I was young, I am playing outside every day."
✓ "When I was young, I used to play outside every day." (or "played")
Explanation: Past habits require past tense forms, "used to" + infinitive or past simple.
#Error 15: Present tense for completed actions in Task 1
✗ "In 1990, the figure is 20%."
✓ "In 1990, the figure was 20%."
Explanation: A specific year in the past requires past simple.
#Preposition Errors (5 Errors)
#Error 16: Depend on (not "of" or "from")
✗ "Success depends of hard work."
✓ "Success depends on hard work."
Explanation: The verb "depend" always takes the preposition "on."
#Error 17: Increase in (not "of")
✗ "There was an increase of crime."
✓ "There was an increase in crime."
Explanation: Use "increase in" + the thing that increased. Use "increase of" + a number: "an increase of 20%."
#Error 18: Consist of (not "consist in" or "consist from")
✗ "The exam consists from four parts."
✓ "The exam consists of four parts."
Explanation: "Consist of" means "is made up of." No other preposition works.
#Error 19: Impact on (not "to" or "in")
✗ "Technology has a big impact to society."
✓ "Technology has a big impact on society."
Explanation: "Impact" (noun) takes "on." Similarly: effect on, influence on.
#Error 20: According to (not "according with")
✗ "According with the survey, 60% of people agree."
✓ "According to the survey, 60% of people agree."
Explanation: The fixed phrase is always "according to." Also note: never write "According to me", say "In my opinion."
#How to Fix These Errors
- Identify your personal top 5. Look at your previous essays, which of these 20 errors appear most often?
- Practise one error type per week. Write 10 sentences correctly using that structure.
- Proofread specifically for these errors. In your final 2 to 3 minutes of the writing test, scan for your known weaknesses rather than reading the whole essay.
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